Elizabeth I was queen of England from 1558 until she died in 1603. Her reign was called the Elizabethan Age, a very exciting and glorious period in English history, in which England became an important world power.

She was born near London in 1533. Her father was Henry VIII and her mother Anne Boleyn, the second of the king"s six wives. When Elizabeth was 3 years old her mother was beheaded because she was accused of having a relationship with someone else. Elizabeth had an elder half sister Mary, and a younger half brother Edward.

King Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic Church because the pope would not let him divorce his first wife. Henry then founded the Church of England and made his country protestant.

Although Henry cared very little about Elizabeth during her childhood she received a good education and was taught well in history and philosophy. She learned many languages, including French, Italian and Latin.

When Henry died in 1547 his only son, Edward, became king but the boy king died six years later. Mary became queen and made England a Catholic country again. She didn"t like Elizabeth and thought that she was plotting against her. She sent her half sister to prison in the Tower of London for two months. When she was released, she had to live in the countryside.

Mary died in 1558 and Elizabeth succeeded her. She became very popular and many people thought that she would bring back peace and stability in a time of conflict. Elizabeth was a cautious and clever queen; she knew a lot about economics and had good advisors. She returned England to Protestantism but she was not a radical religious reformer.

Although there were many young men who wanted to marry her, Elizabeth stayed alone and had no children. This was a threat to the English monarchy because without children her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, would inherit the throne. She was a Catholic and a friend of France. Elizabeth was aware of this danger and had Mary sent to prison for many years. She was executed in 1587.

Elizabeth gave her country a lot of self confidence. During her reign it built up its sea power and ships sailed across the seas to trade in the New World. At that time Spain controlled much of the trade in the New World. Elizabeth sent Sir Francis Drake and other sea captains to raid Spanish ships and seize gold and other treasures that the Spanish had captured.

This was too much for Philip II of Spain so he decided to attack England. After years of preparation he put together a strong fleet of ships called the Spanish Armada. In 1588 the Armada sailed into the English Channel. In the battle that lasted for nine days the British defeated the Spaniards because their ships were smaller and faster. Only a few of them managed to get back to Spain. Elizabeth had celebrated the greatest victory of her reign.

The last years of Elizabeth"s reign were troubled by scandals and revolts. Parliament started to criticize the queen and health problems made her weaker. She died on March 24, 1603 at the age of 69. At her wish, Mary Stuart"s son, James VI of Scotland became king of England and the two countries were united.

Elizabeth Alexandra Maria, and everyone known as Elizabeth II, was crowned as a young girl in 25 years. King George VI, who was the father of Elizabeth, suddenly died while in Kenya on an official visit in 1952.

Many residents of Britain are sure that ruling over the country is a difficult mission, with which Elizabeth II has been coping well for 65 years. On a global scale, she represents the UK at the highest level in front of other countries. The main activity of the Queen is charity and participation in projects that reveal the symbolism of the country.

Being a young girl, Elizabeth II tried to lead an ordinary life as her contemporaries. She had many friends, did not divide people into poor and rich, did not show off her position, she was engaged in acting. During the war with the Germans, helped to repair military vehicles and driving them herself.

Elizabeth II met the person who became her only love, and at the age of 21 she became the wife of Philip Mountbatten, now Duke of Edinburgh. The girl"s family was against her choice, since the young man was of another class and upbringing. But the parents wished the daughter happiness and agreed to this marriage. Never the queen regret her choice, during the years of the marriage, Elizabeth gave birth to four children.

During the years of her reign, Elizabeth II showed herself as a strong and confident person who does not fear trials and difficulties. In her country, the queen is a person from whom an example should be taken of both politicians and ordinary citizens.

Перевод

Елизавета Александра Мария, а всем известная как Елизавета II, была коронована будучи молодой девушкой в 25 лет. Король Георг VI, который являлся отцом Елизаветы, внезапно скончался находясь с официальным визитом в Кении в 1952 году.

Многие жители Британии уверены, что править страной - это тяжелая миссия, с которой Елизавета II прекрасно справляется вот уже 65 лет. В мировом масштабе она на высшем уровне представляет Великобританию перед другими странами. Основной вид деятельности королевы - благотворительность и участие в проектах раскрывающих символику страны.

Будучи юной девушкой, Елизавета II старалась вести обычную жизнь как ее сверстницы. Она имела много подруг, не разделяла людей на бедных и богатых, не хвасталась своим положением, занималась актерским мастерством. Во время войны с немцами, помогала чинить военные машины и сама ими управляла.

Елизавета II встретила человека, который стал ее единственной любовью, и в возрасте 21 года стала супругой Филиппа Маунтбаттена, который ныне герцог Эдинбургский. Семья девушки была против ее выбора, так как молодой человек был другого сословия и воспитания. Но родители желали дочери счастья, и согласились на этот брак. Ни разу королева не пожалела о своём выборе, за годы супружества Елизавета родила четверых детей.

За годы своего правления Елизавета II проявила себя как сильная и уверенная личность, которая не страшится испытаний и трудностей. В своей стране королева является человеком, с которого следует брать пример как политическим деятелям, так и обычным гражданам.

​Королева Елизавета (Queen Elizabeth ) топик по-английскому рассказывает о действующем монархе Великобритании - Елизавете II. Граждане Великобритании очень любят свою королеву, для многих людей эта сильная женщина является примером для подражания. Для многих женщин эта любительница изысканных брошек и необычных шляпок стала иконой стиля.

Изучив топик по-английскому Королева Елизавета (Queen Elizabeth ) вы сможете приятно удивить ваших британских собеседников знаниями об этой удивительной женщине. Королева Елизавета (Queen Elizabeth) топик по-английскому расскажет о детстве, личной жизни, а также деятельности королевы в настоящее время. Прочитав вы сможете понять, почему для британцев так важна королева Елизавета II.

Текст​-----

Queen Elizabeth II

The full name of Queen Elizabeth is Elizabeth Alexandra Mary. She became queen at the age of 26 after her father King George VI died during his official visit to Kenya in 1952.

The queen of Great Britain participates in various events of symbolic importance and does charity work. The Queen`s job - representing the country is very difficult, because she cannot have a normal lifestyle. But the majority of the British people think that Queen Elizabeth does her job perfectly.

When she was a princess, Elizabeth II tried to lead as «normal» life, as much as it was possible in her situation. She was allowed to play with other children, but she never showed that she was different or better than they were. Elisabeth II even bought shoes for one of her poor friends.

Princess Elizabeth also enjoyed acting. She staged a Christmas pantomime at Windsor with her younger sister Margaret and the children of members of the staff of the Royal Household.

During the Second World War Elizabeth II joined the Armed Forces. She was the first female monarch, who did it. She helped to drive and to repair military trucks. Imagine the picture: the Queen of Great Britain driving or repairing a military truck!

Elizabeth II got married in 1947 to the Duke of Edinburgh, Philip Mountbatten, now Prince Philip, the man who she truly loved and worshiped. When he was young, Prince Philipp was a reckless man: he used to drive his car extremely fast. One day, Elizabeth II and Prince Philipp even got in a car accident. Sometimes Philipp was rude and familiar, his clothes weren’t very tidy and his shoes weren"t always polished. Elizabeth"s family didn`t like Philipp, an her parents were not happy to have Philip as their son-in-law. However, they didn’t want their daughter to be unhappy, so the marriage took place, when the would-be queen was twenty-one. Elizabeth loved Philipp the way he was, for her he was the one.

The Britains love Queen Elizabeth II very much, she is a role model for many people and public figures, because she is always keeping a brave face, inspite of all the difficulties.

Перевод​-----

Королева Елизавета II

Полное имя королевы Елизаветы - Елизавета Александра Мария. Она стала королевой в возрасте 26 лет, после смерти своего отца, короля Георга VI во время официального визита в Кению в 1952 году.

Королева Великобритании принимает участие в различных мероприятиях, имеющих символическое значение, а так же занимается благотворительностью. Работа королевы - являться представителем страны очень тяжелая, потому что она не позволяет вести нормальный образ жизни. Однако, большинство британцев считают, что королева безупречно выполняет свою работу.

Будучи принцессой, Елизавета II пытались вести настолько «нормальную» жизнь, насколько это было возможно в ее положении. Ей было разрешено играть с другими детьми, но она никогда не показывала что она отличалась от них или была лучше. Она даже покупала обувь для одной из своих бедных подруг.

Принцесса Елизавета также увлекалась актерским мастерством. Она поставила пантомиму в Виндзоре на Рождество вместе со своей младшей сестрой Маргарет и детьми членов персонала королевского двора.

Во время Второй мировой войны Елизавета II служила в Вооруженных Силах. Она стала первой женщиной-монархом кто сделал это. Она помогала водить и ремонтировать военные грузовики. Представьте себе картину: королева Великобритании водит или ремонтирует военный грузовик!

Елизавете II вышла замуж в 1947 за герцога Эдинбургского, Филиппа Маунтбаттена, теперь Принца Филиппа, человека, которого она действительно любила и которым восхищалась. В юности Принц Филипп был довольно безрассудным человеком: он водил свою машину слишком быстро. Однажды Елизавета II и Принц Филипп попали в автомобильную аварию. Иногда Филипп вел себя грубо и фамильярно, его одежда не всегда была чистой, а ботинки начищены. Семье Елизаветы не нравился Филипп, а родители были не рады, что Филипп будет их зятем, но они не хотели, чтобы их дочь была несчастной, поэтому брак был заключен, когда будущей королеве был двадцать один год. Елизавета любила Филиппа таким, какой он есть для нее он был единственным.

Британцы очень любят королеву Елизавету, для многих простых и публичных людей она является образцом для подражания, так как всегда сохраняет достоинство несмотря на трудности.

15 Сен

Тема по английскому языку: Британская Королевская семья

Топик по английскому языку: Британская Королевская семья (British Royal family). Данный текст может быть использован в качестве презентации, проекта, рассказа, эссе, сочинения или сообщения на тему.

Глава британской королевской семьи

В настоящее время во главе британской королевской семьи стоит королева Елизавета II. Фамилия семьи – Виндзор. Она была изменена с Сакс-Кобург-Гота на Виндзор в 1917.

День рождения

Королева Елизавета II родилась 21 апреля 1926 года. Ее день рождения ежегодно празднуется в Британии во вторую субботу июня. В этот день проходит парад, называемый «Вынос знамени».

Официальные королевские резиденции

Королева Елизавета II взошла на престол 6 февраля 1952 после смерти ее отца короля Джорджа VI. Она была коронована в Вестминстерском аббатстве в июне 1953. Королева живет в Букингемском дворце. Есть также и другие официальные королевские резиденции: Виндзорский замок, Дворец святого Джеймса, замок Балморал, Фрогмо Хаус, Дворец Холирудхаус, Сандригам Хаус и Дворец Кенгсингтон.

Герцог Эдинбургский

Королева вышла замуж за принца Филиппа, герцога Эдинбургского, в 1947. У них три сына и дочь.

Дети королевы

Старший сын и королевский наследник – принц Чарльз, принц Уэльса, известнен как ярый защитник интересов Британии. Он был женат на Леди Диане Спенсер и у него есть два сына – принц Уильям и принц Гарри. Другие дети королевы – принцесса Анна, принц Эндрю и принц Эдвард.

Глава государства

Королева Елизавета II является главой государства Великобритании. Она – королева 16 бывших британских колоний, включая Австралию, Канаду и Новую Зеландию и глава Содружества Наций.

Королевские обязанности

Королева выполняет много важных обязательств в интересах нации. Она ездит с официальными государственными визитами за границу и приглашает других глав государств в Соединенное Королевство. Она также является главой Вооруженных Сил и Церкви Англии. Она работает с документами и докладами от министров правительства. Королева представляет свою страну во время торжеств и панихид. На День Благодарения, например, она возлагает венок у монумента Кенотаф в честь тех, кто погиб, защищая свою страну. Кроме того, королева проводит много времени, путешествуя по стране и посещая больницы, школы, заводы и другие места и организации.

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British Royal family

The Head of the British Royal family

At present the British royal family is headed by Queen Elizabeth II. The family’s surname is Windsor. It was changed from Saxe-Coburg-Gotha to Windsor in 1917.

Birthday

Queen Elizabeth II was born on 21 April, 1926. Her birthday is celebrated in Britain on the second Saturday of June each year. On this day the parade called “the Trooping of the Colour” takes place.

Official royal residences

Queen Elizabeth II came to the throne on February 6, 1952 after the death of her father, King George VI. She was crowned in Westminster Abbey in June, 1953. The Queen lives in Buckingham Palace. There are some other official royal residences: Windsor Castle, St, James Palace, Balmoral Castle, Frogmore House, The Palace of Holyroodhouse, Sandringham House and Kensington Palace.

Duke of Edinburgh

Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, married Princess Elizabeth in 1947. They have got three sons and a daughter.

Children

Their eldest son and the Queen’s heir is Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, known as a keen promoter of British interests. He was married to Lady Diana Spencer and has got two children, Prince William and Prince Harry. The Queen’s other children are Princess Anne, Prince Andrew and Prince Edward.

Head of State

Queen Elizabeth II is Head of State of the United Kingdom. She is queen of 16 former British colonies, including Australia, Canada and New Zealand and head of the Commonwealth.

Queen’s duties

The Queen carries out lots of important duties on behalf of the nation. She goes on official State visits abroad and invites other world leaders to come to the UK. She is also the Head of the Armed Forces and the Church of England. She deals with documents and reports from the government ministers. The Queen represents the nation at times of celebration or sorrow. On Remembrance Day, for example, she lays a wreath at the Cenotaph monument to honour those who died fighting the country. Apart from these tasks, the Queen spends a great amount of time travelling around the country visiting hospitals, schools, factories and other places and organizations.

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A short, elderly lady wearing a buttoned coat, to the knee, in a strong single colour — perhaps maroon or turquoise, or yellow, or green, and a matching hat, moving along a line of people who have turned out to see her — it’s the way the Queen of Britain looks during various public events — a small, brightly-coloured, well-presented, formally-dressed lady.

Quite a number of Brits consider having to play the role of the queen to be a very difficult job which prevents you from having a normal lifestyle. By the way, the majority of people in Britain think the Queen is doing her job of representing Britain around the world excellently and very professionally. In her country she does charity work and participates in various events of symbolic importance. The Queen started the tradition of the «walkabout» when she walks among the public crowds and stops to talk to some people.

As a princess, Elizabeth II tried to lead as «normal» life as possible in her situation. She was allowed to play with other girls and she never showed she was superior to them. She even bought shoes for one of her girlfriends who was very poor. Princess Elizabeth enjoyed acting, too. With her younger sister Margaret and the children of members of the staff of the Royal Household she staged pantomime at Windsor at Christmas.

During the Second World War she joined the Armed Forces, the first female monarch to do so, and helped drive and repair military trucks. Just imagine: the Queen driving or repairing a military truck!

Now one more question to you. Is it easy for a queen to marry for love? Why? Elizabeth II was lucky to have found a man whom she truly loved and worshiped, for her he was the one. His name was Philip Mountbatten, now Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. They say in his youth he was rather a reckless man — he used to drive his car too fast and Elizabeth even got in a car accident with him once. His clothes weren’t very tidy and Liz’s family complained that he didn’t have polished shoes and an elegant suit and behaved himself in an unduly familiar manner, sometimes he was just rude. But he also was a handsome young man and Elizabeth loved him anyway, she loved him as he was. Her parents were not too happy to have Philip as a son-in-law, but they didn’t want their daughter to be unhappy, so the marriage took place in 1947, when the would-be queen was twenty-one.

Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, this is the full name of the Queen, became queen at the age of 26 when her father, King George VI, died while on an official tour of Kenia in 1952.

The Queen is thought to have a very courageous personality. Carolly Erickson, the biographer of Queen Elizabeth II, in her book «Lilibet: An intimate Portrait of Queen Elizabeth II» describes a very telling episode which occurred during Windsor Royal Horse racing show in May, 1978. The Queen, beautifully dressed, wearing high-heeled shoes, was watching the horses with thousands of other people. Suddenly an unexpected thing happened. One of the carriages turned down and the horse went galloping very fast, dragging the carriage behind itself. No one could utter a word, people didn’t know what to do. All of a sudden the Queen rushed to the galloping horses and caught the bridle reins trying to balance on her high-heeled shoes. Then prince Philip came to help and together they managed to stop the enraged horses. The crowd roared and apploaded, but the Queen looked calm and reserved as usual.